====== Différences ======
Cette page vous affiche les différences entre la révision choisie et la version actuelle de la page.
tp:sauvegarde [2013/11/08 12:24] r.doiteau créée |
tp:sauvegarde [2019/05/11 14:35] (Version actuelle) |
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- | qsdqs | + | |
+ | ==== sauvegarde ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Exemple : sauvegarde complète, incrémentale ou différentielle avec dump | ||
+ | |||
+ | Utiliser ces commandes avec précautions, ainsi dump f /dev/sdc1 /rep la sauvegarde utilise tout l'espace disque et détruit le formatage du disque, i.e son organisation en tant que système de fichiers !! | ||
+ | Vaut mieux spécifier un fichier ordinaire contenu dans le disque. | ||
+ | |||
+ | 0. Installer l'utilitaire dump : | ||
+ | |||
+ | # aptitude install dump | ||
+ | |||
+ | 1. Peupler notre système de fichier (sur la clé USB) | ||
+ | |||
+ | Si on a pas de clé USB disponible, on pourra créer un système de fichiers dans un fichier : | ||
+ | |||
+ | mkdir mntTemp | ||
+ | touch virtualFS | ||
+ | dd if=/dev/zero of=virtualFS bs=128M count=1 | ||
+ | mkfs.ext3 virtualFS | ||
+ | du -sh virtualFS | ||
+ | mount -o loop virtualFS mntTemp/ | ||
+ | mount | ||
+ | touch mntTemp/file | ||
+ | ls mntTemp/ | ||
+ | umount mntTemp/ | ||
+ | mount | ||
+ | |||
+ | mohamed@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media$ sudo mount /dev/sdc1 cleusb/ | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# cal > f1 | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# date > f2 | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# mkdir rep | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# uptime > rep/fic | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# cd | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:~# | ||
+ | |||
+ | 2. Effectuer une sauvegarde complète du FS | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:~# dump 0uf /tmp/sauve_0.dump /dev/sdc1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | On aurait pu indiquer /media/cleusb si le FS avait été inscrit dans le /etc/fstab | ||
+ | |||
+ | /var/lib/dumpdates contient l'historique des sauvegardes incrémentales. | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:~# cat /var/lib/dumpdates | ||
+ | /dev/sdc1 0 Mon Oct 20 00:58:01 2008 +0200 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 3. lister le contenu de la sauvegarde. | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:~# restore -tvf /tmp/sauve_0.dump | ||
+ | Verify tape and initialize maps | ||
+ | Input is from a local file/pipe | ||
+ | Input block size is 32 | ||
+ | Dump date: Mon Oct 20 00:58:01 2008 | ||
+ | Dumped from: the epoch | ||
+ | Level 0 dump of /media/cleusb on KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/dev/sdc1 | ||
+ | Label: none | ||
+ | Extract directories from tape | ||
+ | Initialize symbol table. | ||
+ | Dir 2 . | ||
+ | dir 11 ./lost+found | ||
+ | leaf 6145 ./f1 | ||
+ | leaf 6146 ./f2 | ||
+ | dir 88065 ./rep | ||
+ | leaf 88066 ./rep/fic | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4. Effectuer une sauvegarde incrémentale. | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:~# cp /etc/profile /media/cleusb | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:~# dump 1uf /tmp/sauve_1.dump /dev/sdc1 | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:~# cat /var/lib/dumpdates | ||
+ | /dev/sdc1 0 Mon Oct 20 00:58:01 2008 +0200 | ||
+ | /dev/sdc1 1 Mon Oct 20 01:07:55 2008 +0200 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 5. Restaurer l'intégralité du FS | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:~# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1 <= on simule un probleme en reformatant la partition | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# restore -rvf /tmp/sauve_0.dump | ||
+ | Verify tape and initialize maps | ||
+ | Input is from a local file/pipe | ||
+ | Input block size is 32 | ||
+ | Dump date: Mon Oct 20 00:58:01 2008 | ||
+ | Dumped from: the epoch | ||
+ | Level 0 dump of /media/cleusb on KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/dev/sdc1 | ||
+ | Label: none | ||
+ | Begin level 0 restore | ||
+ | Initialize symbol table. | ||
+ | Extract directories from tape | ||
+ | Calculate extraction list. | ||
+ | restore: ./lost+found: File exists | ||
+ | Make node ./rep | ||
+ | Extract new leaves. | ||
+ | Check pointing the restore | ||
+ | extract file ./f1 | ||
+ | extract file ./f2 | ||
+ | extract file ./rep/fic | ||
+ | Add links | ||
+ | Set directory mode, owner, and times. | ||
+ | Check the symbol table. | ||
+ | Check pointing the restore | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# restore -rvf /tmp/sauve_1.dump | ||
+ | Verify tape and initialize maps | ||
+ | Input is from a local file/pipe | ||
+ | Input block size is 32 | ||
+ | Dump date: Mon Oct 20 01:07:55 2008 | ||
+ | Dumped from: Mon Oct 20 00:58:01 2008 | ||
+ | Level 1 dump of /media/cleusb on KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/dev/sdc1 | ||
+ | Label: none | ||
+ | Begin incremental restore | ||
+ | Initialize symbol table. | ||
+ | Extract directories from tape | ||
+ | Mark entries to be removed. | ||
+ | Calculate node updates. | ||
+ | Find unreferenced names. | ||
+ | Remove old nodes (directories). | ||
+ | Extract new leaves. | ||
+ | Check pointing the restore | ||
+ | extract file ./rep/profile | ||
+ | Add links | ||
+ | Set directory mode, owner, and times. | ||
+ | Check the symbol table. | ||
+ | Check pointing the restore | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# find | ||
+ | . | ||
+ | ./rep | ||
+ | ./rep/fic | ||
+ | ./rep/profile | ||
+ | ./restoresymtable | ||
+ | ./f1 | ||
+ | ./lost+found | ||
+ | ./f2 | ||
+ | |||
+ | On doit restaurer l'archive complète (de niveau 0) et ensuite l'archive incrèmentale (de niveau 1) | ||
+ | |||
+ | 6. Restaurer un fichier. | ||
+ | |||
+ | a) on détruit un fichier par erreur | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# rm -f f1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | b) on le restaure. | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# restore -xvaof /tmp/sauve_0.dump ./f1 | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# ls -l f1 | ||
+ | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 168 2008-10-20 00:53 f1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | 7. Restaurer un fichier de manière interactive. | ||
+ | |||
+ | a) on détruit un fichier par erreur | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# rm -f f1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | b) on le restaure. | ||
+ | |||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# restore -if /tmp/sauve_0.dump | ||
+ | restore > help | ||
+ | Available commands are: | ||
+ | ls [arg] - list directory | ||
+ | cd arg - change directory | ||
+ | pwd - print current directory | ||
+ | add [arg] - add `arg' to list of files to be extracted | ||
+ | delete [arg] - delete `arg' from list of files to be extracted | ||
+ | extract - extract requested files | ||
+ | setmodes - set modes of requested directories | ||
+ | quit - immediately exit program | ||
+ | what - list dump header information | ||
+ | verbose - toggle verbose flag (useful with ``ls'') | ||
+ | prompt - toggle the prompt display | ||
+ | help or `?' - print this list | ||
+ | If no `arg' is supplied, the current directory is used | ||
+ | restore > what | ||
+ | Dump date: Mon Oct 20 00:58:01 2008 | ||
+ | Dumped from: the epoch | ||
+ | Level 0 dump of /media/cleusb on KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/dev/sdc1 | ||
+ | Label: none | ||
+ | restore > ls | ||
+ | .: | ||
+ | f1 f2 lost+found/ rep/ | ||
+ | restore > cd rep | ||
+ | restore > pwd | ||
+ | /rep | ||
+ | restore > ls | ||
+ | ./rep: | ||
+ | fic | ||
+ | restore > add fic | ||
+ | restore: ./rep: File exists | ||
+ | restore > ls | ||
+ | ./rep: | ||
+ | *fic | ||
+ | restore > del fic | ||
+ | restore > ls | ||
+ | ./rep: | ||
+ | fic | ||
+ | restore > cd .. | ||
+ | restore > pwd | ||
+ | / | ||
+ | |||
+ | restore > add f1 | ||
+ | restore > ls | ||
+ | .: | ||
+ | *f1 f2 lost+found/ *rep/ | ||
+ | |||
+ | restore > extract | ||
+ | You have not read any volumes yet. | ||
+ | Unless you know which volume your file(s) are on you should start | ||
+ | with the last volume and work towards the first. | ||
+ | Specify next volume # (none if no more volumes): 1 | ||
+ | set owner/mode for '.'? [yn] n | ||
+ | restore > quit | ||
+ | root@KL-PO-A-MKO-01:/media/cleusb# ls -l f1 | ||
+ | -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 168 2008-10-20 00:53 f1 | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Connecté en tant que : tssi14 (tssi14) | ||
+ | cours/activite1/sauvegarde/dump.txt · Dernière modification: 2013/11/03 20:45 par admin Haut de page | ||
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